The equation for the luminance (L) at any point in the scene is given by:

In the above equation, x and y are points on the scene and an object respectively
s is a function which returns 0 if point x is shadowed, 1 if not
R returns the reflectance of point x in the scene
cos(theta) is the dot product between the object normal and the light direction
cos(phi) is the dot product between the light normal and the light direction
(y-x)^2 is the distance squared between points x and y
All images were sampled using multi-jittered sampling on the objects and random sampling on the light.
| 1 sample/pixel | 9 samples/pixel |
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| 64 samples/pixel | 256 samples/pixel |
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| 16 samples/pixel, A=8 | 16 samples/pixel, A=10 |
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| 64 samples/pixel, A=10 | 256 samples/pixel, A=10 |
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